Nutrient management and balanced fertilization in Shaanxi province
IPNI-2006-CHN-SN4
11 Feb 2010
2009 Annual Interpretive Summary
Nutrient Management and Balanced Fertilization for Major Crops in Shaanxi, 2009
Experiments were conducted in three counties within Shaanxi Province studying the effects of nutrient management on yield and quality of apple and kiwi, biomass and nutrient uptake by grape, as well as yield and nutrient uptake by potato.
The recommended rates for a 10-year old apple orchard at Heyang County were determined to be 0.6-0.24-0.3 kg N-P2O5-K2O/tree (1,667 trees/ha). Two-thirds of this N rate was applied basally and the remainder was top-dressed. Yield was most impacted by N omission followed by K and then P. The recommended NPK treatment produced 3.8 t/ha (+8%) more than farm practice (0.64-0.46-0 kg/tree). Spraying 0.5% of CaCl2, FeSO4 and ZnSO4 solutions significantly increased apple yield by 63%, 59%, and 44%, respectively, and increased vitamin C (Vc) content, compared with the check receiving a pure water solution. Research in kiwi in Yangling County recommended 0.35-0.17-0.17 kg N-P2O5-K2O/tree (2,000 trees/ha). This produced 38.5 t/ha of kiwi fruit, or 22.6%, 5.5%, and 21.5% over the N, P, and K omission plots, respectively. These treatments increased Vc content by 18, 12, and 23 mg/100 g, respectively. Application of farmyard manure in addition to the recommended NPK rate produced the highest Vc content. In a 7-year-old grape orchard in Fufeng County, total biomass accumulation from March 30 to November 30, not including the fruits, ranged between 5,391 to 17,760 kg dry weight (DW)/ha. The average increase was 12,369 kg DW/ha. Year-round accumulation of N, P2O5, and K2O was 97, 33, and 141 kg/ha, respectively. The recommended NPK rate for grape was determined to be 130-55-187 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha. Nutrient requirements for producing 1,000 kg grapes was 4.1 kg N, 1.8 kg P2O5, and 7.8 kg K2O. In plastic-covered potato in Huaxian County, no tuber yield response to N application was demonstrated, but application of P and K increased yields by 10.5% and 15.3%, respectively, with yields of 33.4 t/ha. Shaanxi-NMBF