Nutrient Management and Optimized Fertilization on Maize in Heilongjiang Province

The project has been focusing on Nutrient Expert based fertilizer recommendation since 2011

IPNI-2006-CHN-HL18

31 Jan 2008

2007 Annual Interpretive Summary

Soil Nutrient Management and Balanced Fertilization in Heilongjiang, 2007

Corn yields at Shuangcheng were highest at 9.3 t/ha under the balanced “optimum” (OPT) of 160-68-90 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha plus 135 kg gypsum/ha and 20 kg zinc sulfate (ZnSO4)/ha. Treatments omitting N, P, K, S, and zinc (Zn) produced 26%, 26%, 21%, 11%, and 21% less yield, respectively. The farmer practice (FP) of applying 175-45-45 kg/ha without S and Zn produced 20% less yield and a zero fertilizer check (CK) produced 30% less yield. In Anda, the OPT of 160-60-90 kg/ha plus 20 kg ZnSO4 produced the highest corn yield of 7.4 t/ha. Treatments without N, P, K, and Zn produced 22%, 12%, 9%, and 11% less yield, respectively. The CK only achieved 69% of the OPT yield. Results from both sites showed that N was the most significant nutrient limitation.

Field experiments on soybean were conducted in Hailun and Qing’an Counties. In Hailun, the OPT of 65-90-82 kg/ha plus 135 kg gypsum/ha + 15 kg ZnSO4/ha achieved the highest yield of 2.8 t/ha. Omission of N, P, K, S, and Zn resulted in 13%, 4%, 55%, 5%, and 8% less yield, respectively. The FP of applying 65-90-45 kg/ha without S and Zn reduced yield by 14% and the CK yield was 29% lower than the OPT. The apparent recovery efficiency of N, P, and K was 70%, 11%, and 60%, respectively. In Qing’an, the OPT of 60-90-75 kg/ha plus 11 kg boric acid (B)/ha + 20 kg ZnSO4/ha produced the highest yield of 3.2 t/ha. Treatments without N, P, K, Zn, and boron (B) reduced yield by 30%, 21%, 16%, 28%, and 13%, respectively. Yield under the CK was 26% lower than the OPT.

In Huachuan, the highest rice yield of 8.2 t/ha was obtained with the OPT of 142-60-75 kg/ha + 20 kg ZnSO4/ha + 15 kg boric acid/ha. Nutrient omission treatments produced 12% (-N), 7% (-P), 6% (-K), 9% (-Zn), and 5% (-B) less yield. The CK produced 36% less yield, and the FP of applying 165-45-45 kg/ha without B and Zn produced 10% less yield. The apparent recovery efficiency of N, P, and K was 33%, 28%, and 44%, respectively. In Qing’an, the OPT of 150-60-75 kg/ha plus 20 kg ZnSO4/ha and 11 kg boric acid/ha achieved a yield of 9 t/ha. Omission of N, P, K, Zn, and B resulted in 33%, 7%, 11%, 6%, 8% less yield. The CK produced 67% less yield. The apparent recovery efficiency of N, P, and K was 56%, 50%, and 61%, respectively.

A 16-year, fixed-site experiment on corn continues to produce significant responses to K application in Shuangcheng. Application of 172-120 kg N-P2O5/ha + 20 kg ZnSO4/ha plus either 112 K2O/ha or 225 kg K2O/ha produced yields of 7.9 and 7.7 t/ha, respectively, which are 13% and 10% higher than the zero K CK.

Field demonstrations on corn in Shuangcheng and Anda indicated that the OPT of 150-60-90 kg/ha + 20 kg ZnSO4/ha produced an average yield of 7.8 t/ha, 14% more than the OPT-K and 10% more than the FP of applying 165-45-45 kg/ha without Zn. Soybean field demonstrations carried out in Hailun and Qing’an demonstrated that the OPT of 65-75-75 kg/ha achieved the highest yield 2.8 t/ha, and OPT-K and FP (65-75-45 kg/ha) produced 21% and 13% less yield. Rice field demonstrations in Huachuan and Qing’an achieved a yield of 8.3 t/ha through the OPT treatment of 150-60-75 kg/ha plus 15 kg boric acid/ha + 20 kg ZnSO4/ha. Heilongjiang-NMBF