Study on Balanced Fertilization for High yield and Quality of Radix Paeoniae and Chrysanthemum in Bozhou, Anhui Province
English
IPNI-2005-CHN-AH15
09 Feb 2006
Justification and Methodology
Justification: Chrysanthemum is cultivated widely in China. Bo chrysanthemum and Gong chrysanthemum, Chu chrysanthemum in Anhui province and Hang white chrysanthemum in Zhejiang province are most famous advantage crops and known as good products for medical use and drink use. Bo Radix paeoniae and Bo Chrysanthemum are four famous Chinese pharmacopeia of traditional Chinese medicine in Anhui province. The area of traditional Chinese medicine herbs is near 7×104ha in Bozhou city and occupied about 10 percent in China. The yield of Bo Radix paeoniae takes rate of 75 percent in China. The area of Bo Chrysanthemum covered about 8,000 ha. The Bozhou City Trade Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine is the national wide biggest centre of traditional Chinese medicine. Its annual trade turnover develops more than US$1.2 billion. It has become a most important economic contributor for Bozhou city.
In a long period, as crop variety degradation, diseases harm and poor farming management, chrysanthemum yield and quality declined. The heavy metals accumulation and chemical pesticide remains in product have become serious limiting fctors for the products of Chinese medicine herbs exportation. With large amount of chemical N fertilizers, little amount of organic manure and almost no P, K and micro-element being applied, the yield and quality of these medicine herbs dropped in recent years. Study on balance fertilization technology may help to solve these problems for local farmers, and so the authors begain this research and demonstration project in 2005.
Field trials design and arrangement: Plants in the field trials were Bo Radix paeoniae and Bo Chrysanthemum in 2005. There were one annual field fertilization trial on Radix Paeoniae and long term (four years) field trial on Bo Chrysanthemum, and one demonstration field for Bo Chrysanthemum. Three factors (N, P and K) with 3 levers were studied in the field trials. Ten treatments were selected by orthogonal design in the field trials. Bo Radix paeoniae treatments were: S1=N150-P75-K75, S2=N150-P150-K150, S3=N150-P225-K225, S4=N225-P75-K150, S5=N225-P150-K225、S6=N225-P225-K75, S7=N300-P75-K225, S8=N300-P150-K75, S9=N300-P225-K150，S10=N0-P0-K0. Bo Chrysanthemum treatments were: N75-P75-K75, N75-P150-K150, N75-P225-K225, N150-P75-K150, N150-P150-K225, N150-P225-K75, N225-P75-K225, N225-P150-K75, N225-P225-K150 and N0-P0-K0. Each treatment has four replications, randomized block arrangement and plot area was 12 m2. The crop density was 50,000 plants/ha. The experimental field was set up in the demonstration garden of traditional Chinese medicine Bozhou city. Soil analysis showed that pH7.5, OM 0.8%, N 17.25 mg/L, P2O5 20.85 mg/L, K2O 54.75 mg/L, S 12.05 mg/L, B 3.1 mg/L, Zn 2.75 mg/L. The field demonstration have 3 plots with common fertilization practice (15-15-15 compound fertilizer 750 kg/ha) and recommendation fertilization (N 225 + P2O5 150 + K2O 225 kg/ha) and no K (N 225 + P2O5 150 kg/ha). The area of field demonstration was 3 hectares and the density was 36,000 plants/ha in 2005.